Physiology I II HEC , UHS, PNC Syllabus Course Outline

Physiology-I&II HEC Curriculum 

BScN, BSN, Syllabus, Physiology I, II, HEC Curriculum, BScN 1st Year, Physiology Course Outline, Physiology Syllabus, Physiology Outline, Physiology Nursing Curriculum.

Physiology Semester Hours 

     In the 136 Credit hour program ,the 3 theory  Credit hours for both Physiology I and Physiology II there is no lab or clinical hours needed for this course.

Course Description

    This course introduces learners to the structures and functions of the human body. Knowledge of Anatomy & Physiology will provide a better understanding and integration to theoretical & clinical practice in nursing care situation. 

 Course Objectives

    On the completion of this course, the learners will be able to: 1. Describe the structure and function of various systems of the human body. 2. Discuss the role of homeostasis in maintaining normal body functioning. 3. Relate the basic anatomy & physiology concepts to the nursing care of clients. 

Physiology I

Sr.No	Topics
1.	Unit I: Introduction to the Body as a Whole Define the term Physiology Understand the relationship between A&P
2.	Define level of organization of the body+ Function and Their importance
3.	Unit II: Homeostasis & Adaptation Define the term homeostasis+Discuss the factors which effect homeostasis
4.	Define feedback mechanism and its components+Discuss the role of feedback mechanisms in maintenance of homeostasis with examples.
5.	Unit III: Cell, Tissues & Membrane : Describe the structure and functions of a cell+Discuss the process of cell division i.e. mitosis and meiosis.
6.	Briefly discuss the importance of mitosis & meiosis+Classify the tissues of the body on the basis of structure, location and function into the following four major types.
7.	Epithelial tissue+Connective tissue
8.	Muscle tissue+Nervous tissue
9.	Unit IV: The Skeletal System Define skeletal system+Discuss the structure, types and functions of bone
10.	List the functions of the skeletal system+Identify the bones of axial & appendicular skeleton
11.	Describe the various markings on the surface of bones+Describe the bones of:
12.	The skull+Vertebral column+The rib cage or chest
13.	Pectoral girdle and upper extremity+Pelvic girdle and lower extremity +Briefly discuss the difference between male & female pelvis.
14.	Unit V: The Joints Define the term joint+List three types of joints +Fibrous+Cartilaginous+Synovial
15.	Describe the common characteristic features of a synovial joint.
16.	List the types of synovial joints+Discuss the types of movements possible at synovial joints.
17.	Unit VI: The Muscular System Define the following terms fascia, epimysium perimysium, endomysium, tendons and aponeurosis
18.	Describe the location and function of major muscles of:The neck+The face
19.	The back+The arms+The legs
20.	Unit VII: Integumentary System (Skin, Nail & Hair) Describe the Functions of two layers of skin:Epidermis,Dermis
21.	Briefly discuss the function of skin derivatives:Sweat gland,Sebaceous gland,Hair,Nail
22.	Discuss the following functions of skin:Protection,Regulation of body temperature,Sensation,Absorption,Excretion
23.	Unit VIII: The Cardiovascular System Define blood and list its functions+Describe the composition, sites of production and functions of cellular parts of blood and plasma
24.	Briefly explain the ABO blood groups & Rh factor
25.	Explain the function of:Arteries,Veins &Capillaries
26.	Describe functions of the heart and its great blood vessels+Discuss the blood flow through the heart
27.	Describe the functional features of the conducting system of the heart+Describe the principle events of a cardiac cycle.
28.	Describe the following types of blood circulation:Pulmonary circulation+Systemic circulation (coronary & hepatic portal circulation)
29.	Unit IX: The Lymphatic System Define lymph & the lymphatic system+Identify the organs of lymphatic system
30.	Describe the general functions of the lymphatic system+Describe how lymph is formed
31.	Describe the lymph vessels & how lymph is returned to the blood vessels+Describe the functions of the lymph nodes, nodules, spleen and the thymus glands
32.	Unit X: The Digestive System Define the digestive system and list its functions+Identify the various organs of digestive system
33.	Describe the physiology of digestive organs+Discuss the role of accessory organs in digestion
34.	Discuss digestion of food with in:Mouth,Stomach,Small intestines,Large intestines
35.	Discuss the absorption of nutrients in digestive system+Discuss the process of defecation

Physiology II Semester Hours 

     In the 136 Credit hour program ,the 3 theory  Credit hours for both Physiology I and Physiology II there is no lab or clinical hours needed for this course.

Anatomy and Physiology- II 

    Course description: This course is a continuation of Anatomy & Physiology I, introduces learners to the structures and functions of the human body. Knowledge of Anatomy & Physiology will provide a better understanding and integration to theoretical & clinical practice in nursing care situation. 

 Course Objectives

    On the completion of this course, the learners will be able to: 1. Describe the structures and functions of various systems of the human body. 2. Discuss the role of homeostasis in maintaining normal body functioning. 3. Relate the basic anatomy & physiology concepts to the nursing care of clients. 

Sr No	Topics
1.	Unit I: Respiratory System: Define respiratory system+Define respiration.
2.	Describe the structure and the function of following:The upper respiratory tract (Nose, Pharynx, Larynx),The lower respiratory tract (Trachea, Bronchial tree, lungs)
3.	Discuss the physiology of respiration by explaining the mechanism of:Pulmonar,Ventilation ,External Respiration,Internal Respiration
4.	Discuss nervous control of respiration
5.	Briefly discuss the lung volumes & capacities
6.	Unit II: Urinary System: Define the Urinary System+List the organs of Urinary system
7.	Discuss the location of the kidney+Discuss kidneys in terms of external anatomy, gross structure & microscopic structure.
8.	Describe the role of each component of nephron in terms of filtration, selective reabsorption & secretion involved in the formation of urine.
9.	Briefly discuss the role of kidney in maintaining water and electrolyte balance.
10.	Discuss the structure and functions of”Ureters,Urinary bladder,Urethera Briefly explain the process of micturition
11.	Unit III: Nervous System: Define Nervous system+Briefly discuss organization of Nervous system+Describe the structure and function of Neuron and neuroglia
12.	Define nerve & its types+Identify the principle parts of the brain i.e. Hind brain, Mid brain & Fore brain
13.	Describe the three meninges covering the brain & spinal cord+Identify the ventricles of the brain.
14.	Briefly explain the formation, circulation, reabsorption & functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
15.	Describe the cerebrum in terms of:Lobes (sulci and gyrus)+Functional areas
16.	Discuss the function of:Brain stem (Mid brain, pons & medulla oblongata) ,Cerebellum
17.	Discuss the general & gross sectional structure of the spinal cord+Describe reflex arc.
18.	Discuss the distribution of the spinal nerves and spinal plexus.
19.	Discuss the cranial nerves in terms of:Central connection,Peripheral connection,Functions
20.	Define Autonomic Nervous System +Discuss the sympathetic and Para sympathetic Nervous system.
21.	Unit IV: Special Senses: Discuss the transmission of sound through the ear+Describe the physiology of hearing and Balance.
22.	Describe eye in terms of:related to vision +Accessory structures
23.	Discuss image formation by describing refraction, accommodation and constriction of the pupil.
24.	Explain the process of dark adaptation and light adaptation.
25.	Unit V Endocrine System: Define Endocrine system+Identify Endocrine glands and Endocrine tissues present in the body
26.	Discuss types of Hormones, target cells, target organ
27.	Briefly discuss Mechanism of Action of Hormone (protein and steroids)
28.	Discuss the location and structure of pituitary gland.
29.	Discuss the role of hypothalamic hormones in the regulation of pituitary gland secretions.
30.	Discuss the function of the hormones secreted by anterior and posterior pituitary gland.
31.	Briefly discuss the structure, function & hormones of the following glands :Thyroid,Para Thyroid
32.	Pineal,Adrenal,Pancreas
33.	Unit VI: Reproductive Define Reproduction +Define Reproductive System+List the function of male & female reproductive system
34.	Categorize the Female Reproductive organs into:Essential organs,Accessory organs
35.	Discuss the location and structure of Female External Genitalia (VULVA)+Describe the location, function of Female Internal Genitalia
36.	Discuss the Female Reproductive Cycles (ovarian and menstrual cycles)
37.	Categorize the male reproductive organs into:Essential organs+Accessory organs
38.	Location and structures involved in the male reproductive system.
39.	Describe the structure and function of testis and accessory organs.

 Physiology I, II Lab Practical 

Sr.No	Practical
1.	Determined your own blood group
2.	Determined ESR
3.	Determined bleeding time
4.	Determined clotting time
5.	Study postural effect on bp
6.	Clinical examination of atrial pulse
7.	Recording of ECG

Reference Book 

1. Guyton, A. C. (2001). Medical Physiology (10th ed) Washington: Kirokawa. 
2. Tortora, G. J. (2000). Principles of Human Anatomy and Physiology (3rd ed). New York: Happer & Row.